The meaning of government
The government means to take control of a society by someone who has the authority to manage the affairs of the people.
The need of government
In case that whether human societies need government or not? The need seems to be obvious and clear, though few people have a different stance. Basically, humans are social beings and the first social place in which human beings exist is the family, school, workplace and his interactions with all others within the society. Since common sense tells that societies require administrators and rulers, like this common sense and divine nature, Islam also tells about its necessity.
Objectives of government in Islam
There is no doubt that Islam has explicitly referred to the objectives such as justice, releasing humans from imprisonment and exploitation, as well as the struggle against tyranny and bringing the oppressed to the heirs of the earth and executing the divine and human commandments. It is obvious that preliminaries and conditions are required to achieve this. Developing facilities and the necessary tools to fulfill those goals is inevitable. The formation of a government system based on these goals is one of liabilities of this case.
Qur'an and the government
In the Holy Quran, many terms are used to which refer to the government, like Wilayah, Khilafah, Ulil Amr, Malik
«ان الله یامرکم ان تودو الامنت الی اهلها و اذا حکمتم بین الناس ان تحکموا بالعدل ان الله نعما یعظکم به ان الله کان سمیعابصیرا » (النساءآیه ۵۸)
Verily! Allah commands that you should render back the trusts to those, to whom they are due; and that when you judge between men, you judge with justice. Verily, how excellent is the teaching which He (Allah) gives you! Truly, Allah is Ever All-Hearer, All-Seer. (Al Nisa: 58)
Who is the real ruler?
There is difference of thoughts who can be the ruler and rule? In Islam, command is for none but Allah.
« ان الحکم الالله»
And these are the divine prophets who are commanded through the heavenly books to rule among the people.
« و اذا دعوا الی الله و رسوله لیحکم بینهم اذا فریق منهم معرضون » ( النور آیه ۴۸)
And when they are called to [the words of] Allah and His Messenger to judge between them, at once a party of them turns aside [in refusal].
«انا انزلنا الیک الکتب بالحق لتحکم بین الناس بما ارئک الله و لاتکن للخائنین خصیما » ( النساء آیه ۱۰۵)
Indeed, We have revealed to you, [O Muhammad], the Book in truth so you may judge between the people by that which Allah has shown you. And do not be for the deceitful an advocate.
The result of un-Islamic rule
The result of un-Islamic rule throughout the world is what is observed, and all the hardships and sufferings of the humans are because he has not yet reached the conclusion that he alone cannot take the control of the state and bring justice and prosperity for the people. The rule of Prophets Daud and Sulaiman and the rule of the Prophet of Islam in Medina and other of his descendants are clear indications of the rule of Allah. However, Allah has commanded in Holy Qur’an that people should be consulted, which means Islamic democracy.
« وشاور هم فی الامر » آل عمران 159
and consult them in the matter.
Sources
1.The Holy Qur’an
2.Nahjul Balagah
3.History of the Caliphs, Rasul Ja'fariyan
4. As-Sirah an-Nabawy, Ibn Hisham
